What is the purpose of field fumigation in agriculture?

The purpose of field fumigation in agriculture is primarily to control soil-borne pests and pathogens before planting crops. This method involves applying chemical fumigants to the soil to eradicate harmful organisms that can adversely affect crop health and productivity. By addressing these threats prior to planting, farmers can create a healthier soil environment, leading to improved crop establishment and growth.

This practice is particularly crucial because soil-borne pests like nematodes and fungal pathogens can remain dormant in the soil and pose significant risks to emerging crops. Fumigation helps in reducing these risks by effectively eliminating or significantly decreasing pest populations and pathogens, thus enhancing the likelihood of successful crop growth.

Enhancing crop yield, promoting faster crop growth, and managing water retention do not directly pertain to the primary aim of fumigation. While healthy soil conditions may contribute to better yield and growth once crops are planted, those are not the immediate targets of fumigation itself. Instead, the focus is on creating a pest-free soil environment that supports long-term agricultural success.