Under what condition may the U.S. EPA classify a pesticide as restricted use?

A pesticide may be classified as restricted use by the U.S. EPA if it presents a significant dermal hazard to applicators. This classification is designed to protect individuals who work directly with the pesticide, as well as the environment. A significant dermal hazard means that there is a considerable risk of harm through skin contact, which can lead to serious health issues for those handling the pesticide. The restricted use classification helps ensure that only certified applicators, who are trained to minimize risks and handle these products safely, can use these potentially dangerous materials.

The other options do not meet the criteria for restricted use classification. For example, minimal environmental impact would not justify a restriction; rather, it could support broader use. Likewise, cost-effectiveness and effectiveness on multiple pest types do not directly relate to safety concerns for users, which is the primary criterion for restricting pesticide use.